Events of the day 30 March
Events of day 30 March
598:
Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro-Slavic hordes are decimated by the plague.
1282:
The people of Sicily rebel against the Angevin king Charles I, in what becomes known as the Sicilian Vespers.
1296:
Edward I sacks Berwick-upon-Tweed, during armed conflict between Scotland and England.
1815:
Joachim Murat issues the Rimini Proclamation which would later inspire Italian unification.
1822:
The Florida Territory is created in the United States.
1841:
The National Bank of Greece is founded in Athens.
1842:
Ether anesthesia is used for the first time, in an operation by the American surgeon Dr. Crawford Long.
1844:
One of the most important battles of the Dominican War of Independence from Haiti takes place near the city of Santiago de los Caballeros.
1855:
Origins of the American Civil War: "Border Ruffians" from Missouri invade Kansas and force election of a pro-slavery legislature.
1856:
The Treaty of Paris is signed, ending the Crimean War.
1861:
Discovery of the chemical elements: Sir William Crookes announces his discovery of thallium.
1863:
Danish prince Wilhelm Georg is chosen as King George of Greece.
1867:
Alaska is purchased from Russia for $7.2 million, about 2-cent/acre ($4.19/km²), by United States Secretary of State William H. Seward.
1870:
Texas is readmitted to the Union following Reconstruction.
1885:
The Battle for Kushka triggers the Panjdeh Incident which nearly gives rise to war between the Russian and British Empire.
1899:
German Society of Chemistry issues an invitation to other national scientific organizations to appoint delegates to the International Committee on Atomic Weights.
1912:
Sultan Abd al-Hafid signs the Treaty of Fez, making Morocco a French protectorate.
1918:
Outburst of bloody March Events in Baku and other locations of Baku Governorate.
1939:
The Heinkel He 100 fighter sets a world airspeed record of 463 mph (745 km/h).
1940:
Second Sino-Japanese War: Japan declares Nanking capital of a new Chinese puppet government, nominally controlled by Wang Jingwei.
1944:
World War II: Allied bombers conduct their most severe bombing run on Sofia, Bulgaria.
1944:
Out of 795 Lancasters, Halifaxes and Mosquitos sent to attack Nuremberg, 95 bombers do not return, making it the largest RAF Bomber Command loss of the war.
1945:
World War II: Soviet forces invade Austria and capture Vienna; Polish and Soviet forces liberate Danzig.
1949:
Cold War: A riot breaks out in Austurvöllur square in Reykjavík, when Iceland joins NATO.
1961:
The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs is signed in New York City.
1965:
Vietnam War: A car bomb explodes in front of the United States Embassy, Saigon, killing 22 and wounding 183 others.
1972:
Vietnam War: The Easter Offensive begins after North Vietnamese forces cross into the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) of South Vietnam.
1979:
Airey Neave, a British Member of Parliament, is killed by a car bomb as he exits the Palace of Westminster. The Irish National Liberation Army claims responsibility.
1981:
U.S. President Ronald Reagan is shot in the chest outside a Washington, D.C., hotel by John Hinckley, Jr.; three others are wounded in the same incident.
1982:
Space Shuttle program: STS-3 Mission is completed with the landing of Columbia at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico.
2009:
Twelve gunmen attack the Manawan Police Academy in Lahore, Pakistan.
2017:
SpaceX conducts the world’s first reflight of an orbital class rocket.
Celebrations 30 March
1957:
